Science Constants by Category

Explore a curated list of the most important constants in physics, chemistry, and mathematics. These constants are fundamental to scientific calculations and understanding the natural world.

Universal Constants

Name	Symbol	Value	Units
Speed of Light	c	2.99792458 × 10⁸	m/s
Gravitational Constant	G	6.67430 × 10^-11	m³/kg·s²
Planck's Constant	h	6.62607015 × 10^-34	J·s
Elementary Charge	e	1.602176634 × 10^-19	C
Avogadro's Number	N_A	6.02214076 × 10²³	mol^-1
Gas Constant	R	8.314462618	J/mol·K

Physics Constants

Name	Symbol	Value	Units
Boltzmann Constant	k_B	1.380649 × 10^-23	J/K
Permittivity of Free Space	ε₀	8.854187817 × 10^-12	F/m
Permeability of Free Space	μ₀	1.25663706212 × 10^-6	N/A²
Standard Gravity	g	9.80665	m/s²
Stefan–Boltzmann Constant	σ	5.670374419 × 10^-8	W/m²·K⁴
Electron Mass	m_e	9.10938356 × 10^-31	kg
Proton Mass	m_p	1.67262192369 × 10^-27	kg

Chemistry Constants

Name	Symbol	Value	Units
Faraday Constant	F	96485.33212	C/mol
Standard Molar Volume	V_m	22.414	L/mol
pH of Neutral Water (25°C)	pH	7.00	-
Standard Pressure	P₀	1.01325 × 10⁵	Pa
Standard Temperature	T₀	273.15	K

Math Constants

Name	Symbol	Value	Units
Pi	π	3.141592653589793	-
Euler's Number	e	2.718281828459045	-
Golden Ratio	φ	1.618033988749895	-
Square Root of 2	√2	1.4142135623730951	-