Solution dilution is a common laboratory process where a concentrated solution is mixed with solvent to achieve a desired lower concentration. The relationship is given by the formula M₁V₁ = M₂V₂.

Key Formula:

• M₁V₁ = M₂V₂

Units:

• Concentration: mol/L (M), mmol/L (mM), %
• Volume: L, mL

Applications:

• Preparing standard solutions
• Serial dilutions in biology and chemistry
• Adjusting concentrations for experiments